16Joint Research ProjectsCross-linguistic Perspective on the Information Structure of the Austronesian LanguagesProject term: April, 2013 – March, 2016Coordinator: UTSUMI, Atsuko (Meisei University)This project uses a theoretical model to clarify the interaction between information structure (pragmatics) and grammar in Austronesian Languages from a cross-linguistic point of view. The interaction among languages may vary, so the co-researchers are required to indicate the kinds of interaction found within each language. These will be categorized into several types, after which the types that are frequently observed within Austronesian languages will be determined. In addition, the patterns of interaction in non-Austronesian languages will also be discussed. Moreover, we compare the interactions found in Austronesian languages and those frequently occurring in non-Austronesian languages to distinguish typologically universal phenomena from specically Austronesian ones. Furthermore, the inuence of language contact on the interaction between pragmatics and syntax in Austronesian languages will be examined.AnthropologyHuman Society in Evolutionary Perspectives (3)Project term: April, 2012–March, 2015Coordinator: KAWAI, KaoriThis joint research project aims to take a view of human society over a long term from an evolutionary historical perspective. Hence, using the three academic disciplines of primatology, ecological and social/cultural anthropologies as a base, this joint research project comprises the work of experts in fields such as social philosophy and ethics. The rst phase of this long-term joint research project focused on the theme of ‘groups’, which was conducted between 2005 and 2008. The second phase, undertaken between 2009 and 2011, focused on the theme of ‘institutions’. This pattern of changing themes continues as the research progresses, and the theme established for the third phase is ‘others’. The results of the first and second research phases show that human beings establish a wide variety of groups, and that they live in complex and multifarious societies equipped with a wide variety of institutions. This joint research project offers an inverse perspective on the evolution of human society and its sociality, thus far, by examining the nature of the existence of ‘others’ and how they appear, relate and confront one another.Regional Ethnography and Anthropological Spatial Conceptualization: Inquiry of Methodological PotentialProject term: April, 2012–March, 2015Coordinator: TAKAKURA, Hiroki (Tohoku University)This project rethinks the role and possibility of ethnographic information and ethnography itself in the humanities and social sciences. In addition, it explores the potential of anthropological inquiry in Japan. Anthropologists have regional interests related to the site of their eldwork, such as “Africa” or the “Middle-East’’, as well as the theoretical questions. Although theoretical inquiries can be shared with all anthropologists, regional questions are usually shared only with those concerned with a particular region. This project focuses on the concept and methodology that have
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