20Citizenship for Migrants and Refugees: A Comparative Study of Institution and Practices about Inclusion and Exclusion from Nation-StatesProject term: April 2011 – March 2014Coordinator: NISHIKIDA, AikoThe purpose of this project is to clarify the current development of migration in light of the complex acquisition of citizenship and residency to investigate inclusion and exclusion of migrants and refugees from nation-states. In pursuit of this aim, we will consider the idea of nationality, membership in the nation-state, citizenship, and the potential rights of citizens that usually accompany nationality separately, and will explore the possibility of unilateral development for each. Modern phenomena such as activated transnational movements and the prevalence of supra-national associations illuminate the difficulty of coping with human mobility by each country separately. It has become irrelevant to consider migrants and refugees as deviant factors of societies; instead, new ideas are required to understand their situation. Thus, the research questions will be: Is it possible to expect citizenship without nationality? How do the current nation-states tackle the issues of nationality and citizenship? What is the relationship between citizenship and national identity? We will invite scholars who share an interest in these questions and investigate them through comparative study of institutions, and policies and practices about citizenship.Early Modern Islamic States and Plural SocietiesProject term: April, 2011 – March, 2014Coordinator: KONDO, Nobuakia. Japan has a number of researchers who are studying Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal history. However, these researchers are scattered throughout Japan, so it is difcult to exchange information. The project offers researchers an opportunity to meet each other and to exchange research information. In this sense, researchers from abroad will be welcome to exchange research information. The project will contribute to develop this eld of study.b. The project will create a synthesis of the studies. Although some excellent individual studies concerning these empires have been done in the past ten years, there has been little effort to create a synthesis. We will try to put these individual studies into a wider context.c. The project is designed as comparative study. The circumstances of Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal studies were quite different. The Ottoman studies are based on extensive archives, while the Safavid studies still rely on narrative sources such as court chronicles. New Safavid sources are edited and published constantly while Mughal sources are rarely published. However, these empires inherited a tradition of Turk-Mongol statecraft as well as a Persian system of bureaucracy. Therefore, information on one empire will help with analysis of the other empires.What It Means to Write on Wood: A New Boundary-crossing Approach on Ancient Chinese Slip and Tablet DocumentsProject term: April, 2011 – March, 2014Coordinator: SUEYASU/HAFNER, Arnd HelmutThe aim of the project is to build up a new comprehensive methodology of research on ancient Chinese wood and bamboo slips and tablets. Research on ancient Chinese wood and bamboo slips and tablets has had a long and fruitful academic tradition in Japan. Notwithstanding a high awareness of this invaluable heritage, the members of this project do not deny that this tradition, which mainly has been based on materials from military facilities of the north-western frontier region and characterized by an inclination to an institutional history approach, is increasingly outstripped by the ceaseless discovery and the unprecedented variety of both excavating sites and excavated material. The huge wave of newly excavated material has resulted in a boom in research on ‘unearthed material’, of which wood and bamboo slips and tablets undeniably compose an important part. Still, this new research on wood and bamboo slips and tablets generally focuses on textual material corresponding to known classical literature. Unearthed texts are taken as another version of their paper-counterparts and, too often, wood and bamboo slips and tablets are mistaken as mere substitutions for paper as writing material. As a result, most parts of social information that has been stored in form of shape or location of the slips and tablets have been neglected. This project attempts to overcome the limitations of the Japanese traditional institutional history approach and, at the same time, to avoid diminishing the research on unearthed material to a mere philology of unearthed ancient texts.Joint Research Projects
元のページ ../index.html#22