16AnthropologyHuman Society in Evolutionary Perspectives (3)Project term: April, 2012–March, 2015Coordinator: KAWAI, KaoriThis joint research project aims to take a view of human society over a long term from an evolutionary historical perspective. Hence, using the three academic disciplines of primatology, ecological and social/cultural anthropologies as a base, this joint research project comprises the work of experts in elds such as social philosophy and ethics. The rst phase of this long-term joint research project focused on the theme of ‘groups’, which was conducted between 2005 and 2008. The second phase, undertaken between 2009 and 2011, focused on the theme of ‘institutions’. This pattern of changing themes continues as the research progresses, and the theme established for the third phase is ‘others’. The results of the first and second research phases show that human beings establish a wide variety of groups, and that they live in complex and multifarious societies equipped with a wide variety of institutions. This joint research project offers an inverse perspective on the evolution of human society and its sociality, thus far, by examining the nature of the existence of ‘others’ and how they appear, relate and confront one another.Regional Ethnography and Anthropological Spatial Conceptualization: Inquiry of Methodological PotentialProject term: April, 2012–March, 2015Coordinator: TAKAKURA, Hiroki (Tohoku University)This project rethinks the role and possibility of ethnographic information and ethnography itself in the humanities and social sciences. In addition, it explores the potential of anthropological inquiry in Japan. Anthropologists have regional interests related to the site of their eldwork, such as “Africa” or the “Middle-East’’, as well as the theoretical questions. Although theoretical inquiries can be shared with all anthropologists, regional questions are usually shared only with those concerned with a particular region. This project focuses on the concept and methodology that have developed in a particular regional ethnography. Taking account of the research history of each regional ethnography, we will dene the role and effect of the information and knowledge provided by the regional ethnography. The members of this project consist of anthropologists who work in different regions of the world.The Modes of Articulation of Local Societies to Contemporary Science as Ways of Thought and PracticeProject term: April, 2012–March, 2015Coordinator: KASUGA, Naoki (Hitotsubashi University)No anthropologist denies the present-day importance of science; however, those who discuss science have seldom been willing to avail themselves of the significant achievements of anthropological research on ways of thought. In this project, anthropologists with expertise in research on science and technology will work with leading researchers in philosophy and natural science to bring attention to specific cases for in-depth discussion, and explore the modes of articulation of contemporary science as it applies to the lives of people in local communities in terms of ways of thought and practice.‘Single’ and Family: The Anthropological Study of ‘Enishi (Karmic/Relation/Connection)’Project term: April, 2010 – March, 2013Coordinator: SHIINO, WakanaThis research is about the people who are categorized as ‘single’ in the society from the standpoint of socio-cultural anthropology. We study by paying specic attention to the existence of the ‘single’ and the way of life, by using ‘Enishi’, a Japanese word, which means karmic/relation/connection.Especially, we focus on ‘single’ in society and concerned about family and kinship relations, and in addition, on the relationship between ‘single’ and the state which put considerable impact on the individual person.Joint Research Projects
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