Joint ResearchResearch Resources15OverviewTraining and Capacity BuildingJoint Research Projects[Comparative Study on the Languages of the North from Typological Perspective]Project term: April, 2010 – March, 2013Coordinator: KUREBITO, TokusuThis project will conduct comparative research on various grammatical phenomena of the languages distributed over the area from north eastern Siberia to North America (languages of the North, hereinafter). This area, which is also supposed to be the route of mankind’s movement from the Old World to the New has attracted linguists’ attention for its preeminent language density consisting of different types and families. Typological diversity of these languages covers a broad variety of both morphological and syntactic matters such as synthesis and cohesiveness, morphological means, marking of grammatical relationship, word order, and grammatical category. The languages of both areas, north eastern Siberia and North America, have so far been studied separately from each other. However, there are a number of grammatical phenomena which show similarity beyond the Continents. Therefore, it is becoming more and more important to view the area from an overall perspective. With cooperation from specialists at home and abroad, our Institute is expected to become a unique base for the typological study of the languages of the North.This project is a part of the “Linguistic Dynamics Science Project” at ILCAA.[Descriptive Studies of Indonesian Languages; their Variety and Similarity]Project term: April, 2010 – March, 2013Coordinator: SHIOHARA, AsakoThis project aims at the development of descriptive studies on Indonesian Languages, and to conduct the following two activities.I. To clarify the grammatical diversity and similarity among Indonesian Languages, by gathering data and knowledge on individual languages presented by each researcher.The main topic of the project is “grammatical voice,” on which there will be typological and historical discussions. Grammatical voice is related to many other grammatical topics such as “indication of information structure” and “tense/aspect mood”; so looking into the topic will lead to a deeper understanding of a greater part of the grammar of the languages of this area.In addition to the main topic, a sub-topic, which will be presented by the participants, will be dealt with.II. To conduct a digital archiving of linguistic data, on which the linguistic research at I above will be based. This activity is conducted, in collaboration with the “Documentation and Archiving of Language Data Project,” within the “Linguistic Dynamics Science Project” at ILCAA.[Historical Study of Normative Glyphs of Chinese Characters (2nd stage)]Project term: April, 2010 – March, 2013Coordinator: ISHIZUKA, Harumichi (Prof. Emer. Hokkaido University)This project aims to describe the historical shifts in the standards of the Chinese characters (or KANJI) glyphs. Sources of the research are taken from those materials (engraved, hand-written or printed documents) that gave the normative standards, or those that succeeded those norms of the glyphs, of China, as well as Sino-Japanese, Sino-Korean, and Sino-Vietnamese ones. The historical overview is given by the HNG (Hanzi normative glyphs) database (http://joao-roiz.jp/HNG/), which has been constructed and maintained by the project, and was awarded the 1st “Shirakawa Memorial Academic Award in Asian Script Cultures.”[New Trends in the Studies on Qidan Scripts]Project term: April, 2010 – March, 2013Coordinator: MATSUKAWA, Takashi (Otani University)One of the unique ‘pseudo-Chinese scripts’, Qidan scripts were established during the Liao (Qidan) dynasty (916-1125). In Liao, the Mongolic language ‘Qidan’ was the ofcial language together with Chinese. The language was written in two different systems of scripts. They are called ‘Qidan large script’ and ‘Qidan small script’. Though it seems that the former is ideogram and the latter is phonetic letter, the scholars did not go into details. Since the materials for the synthetic study have been rare during the last centuries, decoding them has not been a priority till now.
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