11Joint ResearchResearch ResourcesTraining Young Scholars/Publicizing Research ResultsSummary ‘Single’ and Society: An Anthropological Study(Coordinator: Shiino, Wakana) We observe the individual as ‘single’ in society. The individual way of life in modern society is diversied. One society may exert pressure on an individual way of life based on an ideal family image. Or there can be a society with the structure which does not bear on a single person. The concept of the ‘single’ which tends to be xed is supposed to be reexamined through a comparative study. By now, we have examined several societies in the world with ‘single’ as the point of reference. These societies included those in Papua New Guinea, India, South Korea, Africa, Austria, and Japan. We now proceed to discuss more about the similarity and diversity which appear when we consider the ‘single’ through comparing various societies, communities or networks. We will also set the direction of the discussion about ‘single’, taking into cosideration locality, historical backgrounds, and political economy, etc.http://single-ken.aacore.jp/Anthropological Study of Things: Dynamics of Things, Bodies, and Environments(Coordinator: Tokoro, Ikuya) This project aims to conduct comparative anthropological study on material cultures in various parts of the world, including Asia and Africa. In this regard, this project will investigate the relationship between things (artifacts), bodies and its environment. This project is a multi-disciplinary research project, and includes a cultural anthropologist, an archaeologist and a primatologist as well.In the scal year of 2007, we have organized 3 workshops in this project. In the scal year of 2008, 5 workshops were organized as well. In these workshops, we have discussed diverse topics and themes concerning material culture such as relationships between bodies and things in different areas of Asia and Africa, corporal technique of production of the things, relationship between environments and things, display and representation of things and so on. We have also conducted a workshop and a eld trip to Okinawa for observing local production and consumption of things in the local setting. In the scal year of 2009, we would organize 5 workshops, aiming to conduct studies on things or material cultures in different areas and to discuss theoretical perspectives concerning the anthropological study of things.Elaboration of a Generalized Science of Humanity(Coordinator: Nakatani, Hideaki) The objective of the project is to examine, for a better planning of future societies, the fundamental human conditions such as : physiology of humankind; traditional mind set of civilizations; new scientic acquisitions, political, economical and social situations of all regions of the world. Under this project following activities have been carried out : 1) Publications of the Generalized Science of Humanity Series: Vol. 1, 2006; Vol. 2, 2007; Vol. 3 2008; Vol. 4, 2008. 2) International Symposia on GSH (Tokyo): I, Mar. 2005; II, Oct. 2005; III, Jan. 2007; IV, Dec. 2007; V, Jan. 2008. 3) Workshops ILCAA-MSH on GSH (Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, Paris): I, Mar. 2008 ; II, Mar. 2009. http://www.classics.jp/GSH/Studies on “Colonial Responsibility” in the History of Decolonization(Coordinator: Nagahara,Yoko) More and more people in the Americas and Africa today are demanding reparations for the past injustice under slavery and colonialism. This project aims to understand this phenomenon as a part of historical process of decolonization. By studying different cases of legal and political confrontation around “colonial guilt” it tries to evolve a new perspective for the decolonization studies. During 7 meetings more than ten case studies ranging from East Asia to Africa were presented. An international workshop, entitled “The ‘Guilt’ of Slavery and Colonialism: Experiences, Memory and Reparations” was held in December 2008. A book entitled “ ‘Colonial Responsibilities’: A Comparative Study of Decolonization” was published with the end result of the preceding project. In 2009, three meetings and an international symposium are proposed to be held.
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