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PANCH.
The Panchals, or brass-workers, of Buldana have been reported to speak a
separate dialect called Panch. The number of speakers has been estimated
at 560.
A version of the Parable of the Prodigal Son in Panch
has been received from the Melkapur Taluka on the Khandesh border of Buldana.
It exhibits a form of speech which, in many points, is related to Kh
nd
,
though of a much more mixed nature.
The pronunciation is apparently the same as in Khnd
. It should,
however, be noted that final
and
or u are frequently interchanged.
Thus, p
ry
and p
ry
, a son; t
r
, t
r
and t
ru,
thy; gay
and gay
, he went; h
t-m
, on the hand;
g-ma,
on the body, etc.
The inflexion of nouns differs from Khnd
in so far as there are no traces of the oblique plural ending in s; thus, ch
g
ly
m
nus-na, of good men.
The case of the agent is formed by adding n, na, or
; the dative by
adding na; the locative by adding ma, etc. Thus, b
p-n
and b
p
,
by the father; m
nus-na, by the man, to the man; w
war-ma, in the field.
Note also y
ritan, in this way.
There is apparently no neuter gender. Compare gn
aiku
, singing
to-hear came; p
bhar
as
tu, he would have filled his belly; I-na
k n
kar-na puch
, he asked a servant.
Pronouns.-'I' is h as in Gujar
t
and M
lv
; 'my' is m
r
;
'thy' t
r
and t
r
; 'his' u-na; 'your' tum
r
, and so on.
Note also
, he; u-na and t
-n
, by him; y
, this; y
-ky
,
to this; j
, who, etc.
The verb substantive is chha as in Gujart
and the Kh
nd
of Nimar. Chha (or chh
) is used for all persons and numbers of the present
tense. The past tense is, singular, 1, h
t
, or t
; 2, h
t
s;
3, h
t
, h
t
, th
, and huy
; plural, 1, h
t
; 2, h
t
;
3, h
t
.
The present tense of finite verbs is formed by adding chha to the old present;
thus, h j
u-chha, I go; tu j
i-chha, thou goest;
j
i-chha,
he goes. Other forms are h
maras, I die; tu rahi-ch, thou remainest;
was, he comes; h
m
m
r
, we strike; h
m
ras chh
,
I am striking.
The past tense is formed by adding the suffixes or y
; thus,
l
gy
, he began; gay
, gay
, he went; rah
, he remained;
didu nahi, that was not given; h
t
ri
w
kari, I did thy service,
etc.
There are only a few instances of a future. Thus, kawhas, I will say; mr
s,
I will strike; b
in, I shall be;
pu
nand kar
, we shall make
merry. The last men- tioned form kar
is probably simply the first person
plural of the present. In
pun kh
p
maj
kari, let us
eat and drink and make merry, kari seems to correspond to the Kh
nd
future ending in
.
The verbal noun is formed as in Khnd
.
Thus, suk
w
,
to say; kar
w
and karw
-n
,
to make; a
chan
pa
y
l
g
,
distress began to arise. In posh
kh
g-ma
m
l
n
,
put a cloth on his body, the form ending in n
seems to be a future participle passive, corresponding to Mar
h
forms ending in v
.
The conjunctive participle is formed as in Khnd
.
Thus, w
,
having divided; ach
n,
having been; karin, having done. Note also aikiy
,
having heard, where the suffix
of
the case of the agent has been substituted for n.