04-01-102
102
BRH
.
Brh
literally means 'Forest-man.' According to Mr. Risley, they ar
e
'a small Dravi
ian tribe
of Chota Nagpur who live in the jungle in tiny huts made of branches of trees
and leaves, and eke out a miserable living by snaring hares and monkeys, and
col- lecting jungle products, especially the bark of the chob creeper (Bauhinia
scandens), from which a coarse kind of rope is made. They claim to be of the
same race as the Kharwars.'
According to information collected for the purposes of this Survey, a dialect
called Brh
was spoken in Hazaribagh, Ranchi, and Singbhum. Two hundred speakers were also
returned from Palamau, but they have since left the district. No estimates of
the number of speakers were forwarded from Hazaribagh and Singbhum, and the
Census figures for the tribe have, therefore, been taken instead. It was also
stated that the dialect was spoken by 500 individuals in the Jashpur State.
The specimen forwarded from that State has, however, turned out to be written
in Kha
i
,
and the B
rh
dialect of Jashpur will therefore be dealt with in connexion with that form
of speech. At the last Census of 1901, some speakers of B
rh
were also returned from Manbhum. The numbers are everywhere small. The revised
figures are as follows:-
Hazaribagh... |
717
|
Ranchi... |
504
|
Singbhum... |
13
|
TOTAL.
|
1,234
|
The corresponding figures at the Census of 1901 were as follows:-
Hazaribagh... |
180
|
Ranchi... |
129
|
Manbhum... |
44
|
Singbhum... |
173
|
TOTAL.
|
526
|
Some few Brh
s
are also found in other districts, such as the Sonthal Parganas, but no estimates
are available, and their number is unimportant.
AUTHORITY-
DRIVER, W.H.P.,-Notes on some Kolarian Tribes. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. lvii Part i, 1889, pp. 12 and ff.
I am indebted to the Rev. W. Kiefel, German Evangelical Lutheran Missionary in Ranchi, for a version of the Parable of the Prodigal Son, and the Rev. P. O. Bodding of Mohulpahari has been good enough to send me a list of Standard Words and Phrases taken down in the Sonthal Parganas.
The dialect of the Brh
s
is not the same in all places. In Ranchi it does not differ much from Mu
r
;
in the Sonthal Parganas it has come under the influence of Sant
l
and its sub-dialects. On the whole, however, B
rh
is more closely connected with Mu
r
than with Sant
l
.
The tribe has probably been more numerous in former days than it is now, and
it is probably only a question of time when the B
rh
dialect will cease to exist.
Pronunciation.-Mr. Kiefel does not distinguish between
and o, or
and e, respectively. Mr. Bodding's list, however, shows that at least the B
rh
of the Sonthal Parganas in this respect agrees with other neighbouring forms
of speech.