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INTRODUCTION.

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Mng Mt. The Kachins call them Yawyin and the Chinese Lihsaw. The language has no resemblance to Kachin, but is practically the same as La'hu. It is possible that, like the La'hus, they are a half-breed race. See Gazetteer of Upper Burma, Vol. I, Pt. I, pages 388 and 587. Vocabulary on pages 661 and 702.

　The La'hus are commonly referred to as the Mu Hs. The Chinese call them Loheirh or Law'he. They are locally called Myen by the Shns, while the Wa some- times called them Kwi, which seems to be really the name of a sub-clan. In the Kngtng State there are two main divisions who call themselves La'hu-na and La'hu- hsi, and speak different dialects. The principal seat of the La'hus, so far as known, is in the country north of Mng Lem between the Salween and the Mekhong. There are also colonies of them scattered over Kngtng and Kng Cheng. Their language is practically the same as Lihsaw. See Gazetteer of Upper Burma, Vol. I, Pt. I, pages 576 and ff. Vocabulary of La'hu on pages 670 and ff. Of La'hu-na on pages 697 and ff., and of La'hu-hsi on pages 699 and ff.

　The Akhas or Kaws are probably the most numerous and widely distributed of the hill tribes of Kngtng. Their language appears to be connected with La'hu and Lihsaw, but the resemblance is not very close. I have placed them provisionally in this group. See Gazetteer of Upper Burma, Vol. I, Pt. I, pages 588 and ff. Vocabulary on pages 692 and ff.

　The Ak are probably a half-breed race. They are closely related to the Akha and also dwell in Kngtng. Their language is very similar to Akha, and in the case of the pronouns, closely resembles La'hu. There is no record of the Akha pronouns. See Gazetteer of Upper Burma, Vol. I, Pt. I, page 594. Vocabulary on page 694.

　The Li-sus are a transfrontier tribe who live on the upper courses of the Salween and Me-kong. Their language, so far as we can judge from the meagre vocabulary available, is allied to that of La'hu and Lihsaw, and, through them to that of Burmese. See Gazetteer of Upper Burma, Vol. I, Pt. I, page 616. Vocabulary on page 671.

　The head-quarters of the Musus or Mossos are at Yetche, near the Me-khong, a little south of Tseku, about the 28th parallel of north latitude. They call themselves Na-chi or Na-chri. They are a transfrontier tribe, and the one meagre vocabulary which we possess points to a close connexion of their language with that of the Li-sus. See Gazetteer of Upper Burma, Vol. I, Pt. I, page 616. Vocabulary on page 671.

D.-UNGROUPED LANGUAGES.

　The following appear to be Tibeto-Burman, but, with the materials at my command, I am unable to say how they should be grouped.

　The Lolos are a transfrontier tribe, whose home is the part of Ssu-ch'uan included in the large bend made by the Yangtzu River in 103ﾟ east Longitude. Thence they have spread south into Ynnan and east into Kueichao, and are found in scattered communities as far as Ssumao and the southern frontier. They call themselves Lo-su and Ngo-su, and in some dialects Ne-su. See Gazetteer of Upper Burma, Vol. I, Pt. I, pages 613 and ff. On page 670 there is given a vocabulary of the Lolo spoken in Mng-hwa village. The language is said to resemble Lihsaw, but I do not find this to be borne out by this vocabulary. On page 598 it is stated that some authorities consider that Lolo should be grouped with Burmese.