Arabic Diglossia Bibliography

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Abboud, P. (1976). On  Ablaut in Cairo Arabic.  Afroasiatic Linguistics, 3, 167-187.

Abd-el-Jawad, H. (1981). Lexical and Phonological Variation in Spoken Arabic in Amman.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.

  ---. (1983). Sex differentiation and linguistic variations, a case study: Spoken Arabic in Amman. In J. Owens and I. Abu-Salim (eds.) Proceedings of the Second Annual Linguistic Conference, 101-120. Department of English, Yarmuk University.

  ---. (1987). Cross-dialectal variation in Arabic: Competing forms.  Language in Society, 16, 359-367.

Abdel-Malek, Zaki N. (1972). The influence of diglossia on the novels of Yuusif Al-SibaaCi. Journal of Arabic Literature, 3, 132-141.

cAbduh, D. (1973). al-cArabiyyah al-fuSHaa wa-l-lahjaat al-maHkiyyah.  In his 'AbHaath fi-l-Lughah al-cArabiyyah.  79-96.  Maktabat Lubnaan, Beirut.

Abu-Haidar, F. (1989). Are Iraqi women more prestige conscious than men?: Sex differentiation in Baghdadi Arabic.  Language in Society, 18, 471-481.

Abu-Seida, A. (1971). Diglossia in Egyptian Arabic: Prolegomena to a Pan-Arabic Sociolinguistic Study.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.

Abu-Absi, S. (1986). The modernization of Arabic: Problems and prospects.  Anthropological Linguistics, 28, 337-348.

Ait-Oumeziane, R. (1986). Le statut de la fonction "sujet" dans deux parlers arabes: Constantine et Toripoli.  La Linguistique, 22, 81-92.

Alrabaa, S. (1986). Diglossia in the classroom: The Arabic case.  Anthropological Linguistics, 28, 73-79.

Altoma, S. J. (1969). The Problem of Diglossia in Arabic: A Comparative Study of Classical Arabic and Iraqi Arabic.  Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

Amara, M. H. & Spolsky, B. (1986). The diffusion and integration of Hebrew and English lexical items in the spoken Arabic of an Israeli village.  Anthropological Linguistics, 28,  43-54.

'Aniis, 'I. (1973).  Fii Lahajaat al-CArabiyyah.  al-'Angluu, Cairo.

Badawi, El-S. M.(1973). Mustawayaat al-cArabiyyah al-MucaaSirah fii MiSr: BaHth fii CAlaaqah al-Lughah bi-l-HaDaarah. Daar al-Macaarif, Cairo. 

  ---. (1994). Varieties of Arabic and Their Cultural Context: A  Framework for Learning.   (Hand-out of his address in the American University in Cairo)

Badawi, El-S. & Hinds, M. (1986). A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic.  Librairie du Liban, Lebanon.

Bakir, M. (1986). Sex differences in the approximation to Standard Arabic: A case study.  Anthropological Linguistics, 28,  3-9.

Berfer, M. R. (1990). Diglossia within a general theoretical perspective: Charles Fergusonﾕs concept 30 years later.  Multilingua, 9, 285-295.

Blanc, H. (1964). Communal Dialects in Baghdad. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

Blau, J. (1977). The beginnings of the Arabic diglossia: A study of the origins of Neoarabic.  Afroasiatic Linguistics, 4, 175-202.

  ---. (1979). Some observations on a Middle Arabic Egyptian text in Coptic characters.  Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 1, 215-262.

  ---. ed. (1980). Judaeo-Arabic Literature: Selected Texts.  The Magnes Press, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

  ---. (1981a). The Emergence and Linguistic Background of Judaeo-Arabic: A Study of the Origins of Middle Arabic.  Ben-Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East, Jerusalem. （1st edition was published by Oxford University Press in 1965.）

  ---. (1981b). The Renaissance of Modern Hebrew and Modern Standard Arabic: Parallels and Differences in the Revival of Two Semitic Languages. University of California Publications: Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 18. University of California Press.

  ---. (1981-82). On some Proto-Neo-Arabic and early Neo-Arabic features differing from Classical Arabic.  Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 3, 223-235.

  ---. (1986a). The Jahiliyya and the emergence of the Neo-Arabic lingual type.  Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 7, 35-43.

  ---. (1986b). On two works written in Middle Arabic Literary Standard.  In Shalon, M. ed. Studies in Islamic History and Civilization in Honour of Professor David Ayalon.  E. J. Brill, Leiden.

  ---. (1988). Studies in Middle Arabic and Its Judaeo-Arabic Variety.  The Magnes Press, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem.

  ---. (1990). Classical Arabic versus  Post-Classical Arabic as viewed from the vantage point of Judaeo-Arabic.  Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 13, 218-224.

Blau, J. & Hopkins, S. (1985). A vocalized Judaeo-Arabic letter from the Cairo Geniza.  Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 6, 417-476.

Bakalla, M.H. (1984). Arabic Culture: Through Its Language and Literature. Kegan Paul International Ltd., London.

Benabdi, L. C. (1986). Lexical expansion in the Maghreb. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 61, 65-78.

Cachia, P. J. (1976). The use of colloquial in modern Arabic literature, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 87, 12-22.

Cadora, F.J. (1979). Interdialectal Lexical Compatibility in Arabic: An Analytical Study of the Lexical Relationships among the Major Syro-Lebanese Varieties. E. J. Brill, Leiden.

Cowan, W. (1968). Notes toward a definition of Modern Standard Arabic. Language Learning, 18,  29-34.

Ennnaji, M. (1988). Language planning in Morocco and changes in Arabic.  International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 74, 9-39.

  ---. (1991). Aspects of multilingualism in the Maghreb.  International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 87, 7-25.

  ---. (1995). A syntactico-semantic study of the language of news in Morocco.  International Journal of Sociology of Language, 112, 97-111.

Farghal, M. (1995). Euphemism in Arabic: A gricean interpretation.  Anthropological Linguistics, 37, 366-378.

Ferguson, C. A. (1957). Two problems in Arabic phonology.  Word, 13, 460-478.

   ---. (1959a). Diglossia. Word, 15,  325-340.

　---. (1959b). The Arabic Koine.  Language, 35,  616-630.

   ---. ed. (1960). Contributions to Arabic Linguistics.  Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

Fishman, J. A. (1970). Sociolinguistics: A Brief Introduction. Newbury House Publishers, Inc., Rowley.

Fuck, J. (1980). al-cArabiyyah: Diraasaat fi-l-Lughah wa-l-Lahjaat wa-l-'Asaaliib. (translated by RamaDaan cAbdu-t-Tawwaab), Maktabah al-Khaanjii, Cairo.  (Its original edition is  Arabiya: Untersuchungen zur arabischen Sprach- und Stilgeschichte, Berlin.  1950)

al-Hakiim, T. (1981). al-Safqah. Maktabat al-'aadaab, Cairo. (1st ed. in 1956）

Hari, N. (1991). Sociolinguistic Variation in Cairene Arabic: Palatalization and the Qaf in the Speech of Men and Women.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.

   ---. (1994). A linguistic innovation of women in Cairo.  Language Variation and Change, 6, 87-112.

Holes, C. (1983). Patterns of communal language variation in Bahrain.  Language in Society, 12, 433-457.

  ---. (1986). Communicative function and pronominal variation in Bahraini Arabic.  Anthropological Linguistics, 28,  10-30.

  ---. (1987). Language Variation and Change in a Modernising Arab State: The Case of Bahrain.  Kegan Paul International, London & New York.

Hopkins, S. (1986). Early materials in Middle (Neo-) Arabic. Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 7, 45-59.

Hudson, A. (1992). Diglossia: A bibliographic review. Language in Society, 21, 611-674.

Ibrahim, M. H. (1986). Standard and prestige language: A problem in Arabic sociolinguistics.  Anthropological Linguistics, 28,  115-126.

al-Jiwaarii, 'A. cA. (1984). Ra'y fii taysiir tacliim an-naHw, Majallah Majmac al-Lughah al-cArabiyyah, 53, 157-167.

Kaye, A. (1970). Modern standard Arabic and the colloquials.  Lingua, 24, 374-391.

  ---.  (1972a). Remarks on diglossia in Arabic: Well-defined vs. ill-defined. Linguistics, 81, 32-48.

  ---. (1972b). Arabic /ziim/: A synchronic and diachronic study, Linguistics, 79, 31-72.

  ---.  (1975). More on diglossia in Arabic.  International Journal of Middle East Studies, 6, 325-340.

Lahlou, M. (1991). A Morpho-syntactic Study of Code Switching between Moroccan Arabic and French.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.

Mansour, J. (1974). The Judaeo-Arabic Dialect of Baghdad Book I: Studies in Phonology and Morphology.  The University of Haifa, Haifa.

  ---. (1977). The Judaeo-Arabic Dialect of Baghdad Book II: Texts.  The University of Haifa, Haifa.

Meiseles, G. (1977). Retitution of 'word-endings' in Modern Literary Arabic.  Israel Oriental Studies, 7, 173-195.

  ---. (1979). Informal written Arabic.  Israel Oriental Studies, 9, 272-314.

Musa, S. (1955). Arabic language problems.  Middle East Affairs, 6, 41-44.

Nishio, T. (1986). On the pronominal suffixes in Proto-Colloquial Arabic.  Gengogaku Kenkyuu, 5, 1-24.

Nortier, J. M. (1995). Code switching in Moroccan Arabic/Dutch vs. Moroccan Arabic/French language contact.  International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 112,  81-95.

Oh, Myung-Keun (1996). A Study on Arabic Diglossia: A Case of Egyptian Arabic.  (Oral Presentation in the 12th Conference of Japan Association for Middle East Studies.)

Oka, M. (1994).  Morokko-jin to Kairo hoogen (Moroccans and Cairene dialect),  Gekkann Gengo, 23:5,　54-55.

Piamenta, M. (1979). Jerusalem sub-standard Arabic: Linguistic analysis of an idiolect.  Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 1,  263-285.

Prochazka, T., Jr. (1981). The Shi'i dialects of Bahrain and their relationship to the Eastern Arabian dialect of Muharraq and the Omani dialect of al-Ristaq.  Journal of Arabic Linguistics, 6, 16-55.

al-Rabaa→ see "Alrabaa."

Rabin, C. (1955). The beginnings of Classical Arabic.  Studia Islamica, 4, 19-37.

Robertson, A. M. (1970). Classical Arabic and Colloquial Cairene: An Historical Linguistic Analysis.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Utah.

Rosenhouse, J. (1978). On the complexity of some types of complex sentences in urban Moroccan Arabic and some other Arabic dialects.  Afroasiatic Linguistics, 5, 137-151.　The Errata is in Vol. 7(1979-80).

Saciid, N. Z. (1964). Taariikh ad-Dawwah 'ila-l-caammiyyah wa-'aathaaru-haa fii MiSr.  Daar Nashr ath-Thaqaafah, Cairo.

Salam, A. M. (1980). Phonological variation in Spoken Egyptian Arabic: A re-examination of the uvular and related plosive types.  Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 43, 77-100.

Schmidt, R. W. (1974). Sociostylistic Variation in Spoken Egyptian Arabic: A Re-examination of the Concept of Diglossia.  Ph.D. dissertation, Brown University.

  ---. (1986). Applied sociolinguistics: The case of Arabic as a second language. Anthropological Linguistics, 28,  55-72.

Somekh, S. (1979). The diglottic dilemma in the drama of Tawfiq al-Hakim.  Israel Oriental Studies, 9, 392-403.

Stetkevych, J. (1970). The Modern Arabic Literary Language: Lexical and Stylistic Developments.  The University Chicago Press, Chicago & London.

Teymour, M. (1932). The battle between the Arab Languages in Modern Egyptian Literature.  The Asian Review, 28, 635-640.

al-Toma→ see "Altoma."

Wahba, K. (1996a). Linguistic variation in Alexandrian Arabic: The feature of emphasis in Egypt.  In Elgibaali, A. (ed.) Understanding Arabic.  103-128.  The American University in Cairo Press. 

  ---. (1996b). Male/Female Speech Patterns and Linguistic Variation in Arabic.   (Oral Presentation in the 5th International Conference of Korea Association for Middle East Studies.) 

Wahba, K. M. & Miller, C. (1996). Egyptian Arabic and Dialect Variation: Critical Observations. 　  (Oral Presentation in the 12th Conference of Japan Association for Middle East Studies.)

Wexler, P. (1971). Diglossia, language standardization and purism.  Lingua, 27, 330-354.

Youssi, A. (1983). La triglossie dans la typologie linguistique.  La Linguistique, 19/2, 71-83.

  ---. (1995). The Moroccan triglossia: facts and implications. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 112,  29-43.

Zughoul, M. R. (1980). Diglossia in Arabic: Investigating solutions. Anthropological Linguistics,  22,  5,  201-217.