Politics and Caste in Post-Independence India(Coordinator: Naito Masao)As many scholars have pointed out, caste played and still plays an important role in Indian politicsas a mobilizing factor. A phenomenon of “casteization of politics” or “politicization of caste” assometimes described has become more salient in recent years than before. For example, politicaldevelopments after the 1980s caused the emergence of the “reservation” problem among lower castegroups (Other Backward Classes) and the rise of the Bahujan Samaj Party based on the scheduledcastes (formerly called the untouchable castes), which have given novel aspects to the relations ofcaste and politics in many states. This project aims at studying post-independence politics of India, especially political changes andpresent political situation at the state level by examining caste relations in each state. We analyze theelection results at national and local level, and the political movement and strife in states and throughthis we try to find the pivotal linking factors between caste and politics.Southeast Asia and the 20th Century(Coordinator: Nemoto Kei)This three-year joint research project aims at looking into the historical and ideological features ofthe 20th century’s Southeast Asia. However, the project does not intend to survey descriptively thehistory of the area itself. The object is rather directed to investigate the meanings and impacts of the20th century from the Southeast Asian historical point of views. In order to give shape to it, we set upthree topics within the project, which are: (1) Economic thought, (2) Questions of the formation of nation-states, and (3) Re-interpretation of“pre-modern”. On the first topic, we deal with their economic thought under the impact of colonizationand modernization of the century. On the second topic, we discuss various matters which had relationsto what was called nationalism or nation-state building. It deals with not only political history but alsomass thought and cultures as well as movements which expressed people's feelings of anti-colonialismgenerally. The third topic is the present thought and ideologies which have emerged from the re-interpretation of “pre-modern” value systems or political thoughts.The membership of the project consists of historians (including the scholars specialized in pre-modern period), anthropologists and economists who are all well-trained in Southeast Asian languagesand have experiences of field work in the area.Transitivity and Actancy Systems in Syntactic Typology(Coordinator: Kikusawa Ritsuko)This joint research project focuses on the transitivity and actancy systems of languages throughoutthe world. Transitivity and ergativity/accusativity have been two of the most popular topics inLinguistic Typology, resulting in various definitions of the relevant terminology, and methodologiesthat differ depending on each analyst. At the same time, as in any typological study, any study ontransitivity and actancy systems requires knowledge about various languages while the number oflanguages a single researcher can cover is limited. This project is an attempt to provide linguists withopportunities to exchange the results of their on-going research on relevant issues to help themconduct cross-linguistic studies. Project meetings and the mailing-list, “transi_typ”(transi_typ@ml.aa.tufs.ac.jp)are both open to the public, and the participation of non-members isalways welcome.10
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